Thanks, I got there in the end, and your suggestions to use a profiling operation set me off on the right track.

What I needed to do was:
1. Create a profile MOP to cut the inside of the triangular counter.
2. Set the stock surface and target depth the same as in the pocketing MOP.
3. Turn on Corner Overcut = True.
4. Configure the tool bit (60 degree V, 0 diameter).
5. Set the roughing clearance to (pocket depth) / Tan 60.
I don't think I could have figured this out without the help of the CAMotics simulator! I've attached a rendering of the 'sharpened' counter showing the pocket cut to full depth with an end mill, then the corners sharpened with a V bit.
I haven't yet tried doing the outside of the symbol but I imagine the same procedure will work.